Guidelines for selection of biological SSSIs
Rationale, Operational approach and criteria, Detail guidelines for habitats and species groups
JNCC
The Joint Nature Conservation Committee is the forum through which the three country nature conservation agencies, the Countryside Council for Wales (CCW), Natural England and Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH), deliver their statutory responsibilities for Great Britain as a whole and internationally.

Summary

 
The Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC) is the statutory adviser to Government on UK and international nature conservation. Its work contributes to maintaining and enriching biological diversity, conserving geological features and sustaining natural systems. JNCC delivers the UK and international responsibilities of the four country nature conservation agencies - Council for Nature Conservation and the Countryside, the Countryside Council for Wales, Natural England and Scottish Natural Heritage. JNCC, originally established under the Environmental Protection Act 1990, was reconstituted by the Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act 2006. JNCC, working with the nature conservation agencies, is the focus for the guidelines for the selection of biological Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs).
 
The nature conservation agencies have a duty under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, as amended, to notify any area of land which in their opinion is 'of special interest by reason of any of its flora, fauna, or geological or physiographical features'. Such areas are known as Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs). The notification is made to owners and occupiers, local planning authority and the Secretary of State, who may make representations or objections to the nature conservation agencies regarding the notification. Any representation or objection made must be considered by the nature conservation agencies before a decision is made by them to confirm the notification.
 
In 1989 the then Nature Conservancy Council published guidelines for the selection of biological SSSIs. Since 1991 JNCC has been the focus for the production and revision of the guidelines.
 
The biological guidelines set out general principles upon which the nature conservation agencies reach judgements regarding special scientific interest. These principles are supplemented by details of wildlife habitat types and species groups.
 
The guidelines for the selection of geological and physiographical SSSIs are published separately by JNCC in volume 1 of the Geological Conservation Review.
 
In Northern Ireland the designation Areas of Special Scientific Interest (ASSIs) is the equivalent of the SSSIs. The responsibility for the identification and designation of these sites rest with the Environment and Heritage Service, Northern Ireland. View the Guidelines for the selection of biological ASSIs.
 
 

Review of the Guidelines for the selection of biological SSSIs: timetable

 

The Guidelines for Selection of Biological SSSIs were originally published by the Nature Conservancy Council in 1989. Since then, a series of revisions have been made in the form of additional or revised chapters. However, the underlying rationale and operational approach have remained intact and broadly fit for purpose. Nonetheless, there is recognition that some updating is needed to take into account changes in governance, legislation and wider approaches to nature conservation being developed within the UK BAP and country biodiversity strategies.

These guidelines are under review.

 

 
 
Download Guidelines for the selection of biological SSSIs in sections - Part A
 

Part A: Rationale (PDF, 613 kb) Foreword included in part A

  1. The purpose of the guidelines
  2. The objective of the SSSI system within an overall nature conservation strategy
  3. The concept of special scientific interest
  4. Rationale for evaluation and selection of a countrywide series of biological SSSIs
You will need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this document.

 

 
 
Download Guidelines for the selection of biological SSSIs in sections - Part B
 

 Part B: Operational approach and criteria (PDF, 794 kb)

  1. Defining the basis for selecting the national network of sites
  2. The principles of site evaluation and selection
  3. International importance
  4. Assessment of site value
  5. Boundary of definition, size of area and site integrity
  6. Evaluation of habitat mosaics
  7. Evaluation of species-group combinations
  8. Total extent of SSSIs
  9. References for parts A and B

 

You will need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this document.

 

 
 
 
Download Guidelines for the selection of biological SSSIs in sections - Part 2

 

Introduction  (PDF, 2mb)

Chapter 1 Coastal and Marine habitats  (PDF, 213 kb)       

1a  Coastlands   

Table 1 Habitat selection units for coastlands     

Table 2 Coastal habitat selection units and their NVC equivalents    

1b Intertidal habitats    

1c saline lagoons:        

 

Chapter 2 Woodlands   (PDF, 213 kb) 

2a Woodlands - general

Table 3  NVC - woodland and scrub communities          

Table 4   Extent and localisation of British woodland Stand Types       

Table 5    Main semi-natural structural types of tree layer in British woods      

Table 6    An approach to integrating differing woodland classification
schemes for SSSI selection         

Table 7    A preliminary attempt to indicate the general relationship between
 the Stand Type classification and for woodland          

Table 8    Field measures of the NCR criteria for British woods  

2b Veteran trees

 

Chapter 3 Lowland grasslands  (PDF, 79 kb)         

Table 9  NVC - lowland grassland communities 

 

Chapter 4 Lowland heathland (PDF, 102 kb)

Table 10  Heathland classification, distribution and selection requirements   

 

Chapter 5 Non-montane rock habitats (PDF, 101 kb)         

Table 11 Geographical variation in the main floristic features of limestone
pavements   

 

Chapter 6 Freshwater habitats  (PDF, 205 kb)   

Table 12  TWINSPAN classification of standing water sites – submerged       
and floating vegetation      

Table 13  Key to standing water types (submerged and floating species)         

Table 14  Physical characteristics of standing water site types   

Table 15  NVC communities most common in emergent fringes of standing  
water site types        

Table 16  Classification of ditch vegetation types  

Table 17  Key to river types     

 

Chapter 7 Fens  (PDF, 220 kb)

Table 18  NVC - communities of minerotrophic mires      

Table 19  Description, habitat conditions and range of fen communities         

 

Chapter 8 Bogs  (PDF, 265 kb)

Table 20  Mire microforms      

Table 21 NVC - bog communities and subdivisions (Rodwell)  
and bog microtopes and communities (Lindsay et al.)

 

Chapter 9 Upland habitats  (PDF, 570 kb)   

Table 22 Synonymy of Birks & Ratcliffe and NVC upland vegetation
 types 

 

Chapter 10 Artificial habitats (PDF, 61 kb)    

Table 23 Types of artificial habitat    

 

Chapter 11 Vascular plants (flowering plants, ferns and their allies) (PDF, 175 kb)       

Table 24 Red Data Book species of vascular plants        

Table 25 Nationally scarce species of vascular plants     

 

Chapter 12 Non-vascular plants (PDF, 97 kb)          

               Table - Nationally rare species & Table Nationally scarce species

Chapter 13 Mammals   (PDF,  129 kb)  

13a Mammals - general

Table 26 Status and distribution of British mammals       

13b  Water vole    

 

Chapter 14 Birds (corrected) (PDF, 301 kb)

Appendix A Criteria for Ramsar Sites and Special Protection Areas          

Appendix B An estimate of numbers of birds breeding and wintering in Britain  

Table 27 Abundance estimates of British breeding and wintering birds          

Appendix C Breeding bird assemblages of different habitats          

Table 28 Breeding bird assemblages of different habitats          

Appendix D   Regional population densities in the uplands  

References   (Chapter 14) 

 

Chapter 15 Reptiles and amphibians  (PDF, 60 kb)

Table 29 A scoring system for the selection of sites with assemblages           
of amphibians         

 

Chapter 16 Freshwater and estuarine fish (PDF, 75 kb)    

Table 30 British freshwater, anadromous and estuarine fish and their
distribution   

 

Chapter 17 Invertebrates (PDF, 139 kb)

17a     Invertebrates- general    

17b     Butterflies     

17c      Dragonflies  

 

Chapter 18 Fungi (PDF, 73 kb)

Chapter 18a  Grassland fungi      

 

Acknowledgements    (PDF, 6 kb)                                                                                               

 

 

You will need the free Adobe Acrobat Reader to view this document.

 

 

 
Please cite as: JNCC, Guidelines for selection of biological SSSIs